(2020·甘肃省会宁一中高三第一次月考)Petrolanddiesel(柴油)carsmaystilldom...

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(2020·甘肃省会宁一中高三第一次月考)Petrol and diesel (柴油) cars may still dominate our roads, but their days are numbered. A recent university study found that current electric cars could be used for 87 per cent of daily car journeys in the US. That figure could rise to 98 per cent by 2020.

One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been “range anxiety”—drivers' concerns about running out of juice on a journey. While petrol stations are conveniently located across national road systems, the necessary network of electric charging stations is still being developed. That said, charging points are becoming increasingly common throughout the USA.

Attitudes towards electric vehicles have changed quite considerably over the last few years. Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their large price tags (标签) drove customers away. Thanks to improvements in battery capacity, recharging times, performance and price, the current generation of electric cars is starting to persuade critics. Plug­in cars will soon give internal combustion (燃料) engine models a run for their money.

As well as advancements on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies. Electric boats are among the oldest methods of electric travel, having enjoyed several decades of popularity from the late 19th to the early 20th century before petrol­powered outboard motors took over. Now, the global drive for renewable energy sources is bringing electric boats back. Steps towards electric air travel are also being made, with Airbus and NASA among the organizations developing and testing battery powered planes. The experiments could soon make commercial electric flight a reality.

Electric vehicles do not produce any emissions. Were the US to act on the study's findings and replace 87 per cent of its cars with electric vehicles, it would reduce the national demand for petrol by 61 per cent. However, because of the production processes and the generation of electricity required to charge these vehicles, they cannot claim to be completely emission­free. Even so, as many countries continue to increase their use of renewable energy sources, electric vehicles will become even cleaner.

篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了汽油和柴油汽车很快会被电动车辆所替代以及电动交通工具在未来的发展。

9．Which is the best title for this passage?

A．My Dream Car                       

B．History of Electric Cars

C．Problems with Petrol Cars          

D．Driving into the Future

10．As used in Paragraph 2, the underlined word “hurdle” means “________”．

A．aim                                 B．barrier

C．consequence                         D．step

11．In the past, why did many people refuse to buy the electric cars?

A．They were expensive.

B．They were very poorly made.

C．They were not widely promoted.

D．They couldn't travel at a high speed.

12．What is the function of Paragraph 4?

A．To introduce the history of electric travel.

B．To explain why the world needs more electric cars.

C．To show why more people have interest in electric cars.

D．To describe different ways electric vehicles can be used.

【回答】

9.D　标题判断题。通读全文可知，汽油和柴油汽车可能仍然主宰着我们的道路，但很快会被电动车辆所替代。文章同时介绍了电动交通工具在未来的发展。所以这篇文章最好的标题是“驶向未来”。故选D项。

10.B　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“One hurdle to the widespread adoption of electric cars has been ‘range anxiety’—drivers' concerns about running out of juice on a journey.” 可知，电动汽车被广泛采用的一个障碍是“里程焦虑”——司机担心在旅途中车会没电。所以根据上下文语境可以判断出“hurdle”是指barrier “障碍”。故选B项。

11.A　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Not that long ago, electric cars were met with distrust, and their large price tags drove customers away.” 可知，不久前，电动汽车遭到了不信任，巨额标价把顾客吓跑了，也就是说人们认为电动车太贵了不值得买。故选A项。

12.D　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“As well as advancements on the road, electric vehicles are taking to the seas and skies.” 可知，除了公路上(汽车)的进步，电动交通工具正朝着海洋和天空方向发展。第四段的作用是描述电动汽车的不同用途。故选D项。

知识点：科普环保类阅读

题型：阅读理解