Anewdevice(設備)workslikeasolarpanel,exceptitdoesn'tharve...

問題詳情：

A new device (設備) works like a solar panel, except it doesn't harvest energy from the sun to produce electricity. Instead, it uses energy from the cold night sky.

In the center of this device is a thermoelectric generator (熱電發電機), which uses the temperature difference between Earth and outer space to create electricity.

As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the generator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed under a transparent cover and surrounded with materials that keep heat out. It stays cooler than the surrounding air by getting rid of any heat it absorbs as infrared (紅外線的) radiation. That radiation can zip up through the transparent cover and on toward outer space.

The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate, which is warmed by the local air. At night, the top plate can get several degrees centigrade cooler than the bottom of the generator.

Researchers tested the device one clear December night in Stanford, Calif. The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the device. That was just enough power to light a small electric lamp. Further improvements might develop its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.

"It's a very clever idea," says Yuan Yang, a materials scientist who works at Columbia University in New York City. "The device still needs improving," he notes. "But this new device may be useful for backup power," Yang says. "It might also provide a bit of energy to people living in areas that lack electricity."

"The device could help power remote weather stations or other environmental devices," says Aaswath Raman, a materials scientist who worked on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. What's more, this may be useful in areas that don't see sunlight for months at a time, Raman adds.

is the device designed?

includes two aluminum plates with different functions.

is equipped with a heat resistant generator in the center.

two aluminum plates are exposed to air to keep heat out.

generator is sealed by a transparent cover to remain cool.

is the limitation with the tested device?

won't be expanded to be much larger.          fails to produce electricity fast enough.

is unable to power small electric lamps.       produces a limited amount of electricity.

paragraph 6, Yuan Yang mainly intends to________.

uate the device on a positive basis            t out the problems with the device

ain the research work for the device         ent on Aaswath Raman's prediction

can be a suitable title for the text?

s Are Powered by the Energy From the Cold Night Sky

B.A Generator Producing Electricity Has Been Applied in Many Areas

ntists Have Made a Breakthrough in Harvesting Green Energy

D.A Device Uses Energy From the Cold Night Sky to Produce Electricity

【回答】

1.A; 2.D; 3.A; 4.D 解析：1.細節理解題.根據第三段"The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed under a transparent cover and surrounded with materials that keep heat out. It stays cooler than the surrounding air by getting rid of any heat it absorbs as infrared(紅外線的)radiation.較冷的一面面向天空,貼在一塊鋁板上.鋁板被一個透明的蓋子密封起來,並被隔絕熱量的材料包圍着.它通過消除吸收的任何紅外線輻*熱量,保持比周圍空氣更冷."及第四段 "The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate, which is warmed by the local air.發電機底部連接在暴露的鋁板上,鋁板由當地空氣加熱." 可知,這種設備裝有兩種功能相同的鋁板.故選A. 2.推理判斷題.根據第五段"The generator produced up to about 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the device. That was just enough power to light a small electric lamp. Further improvements might develop its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter.這台發電機每平方米產生的功率高達25毫瓦.這剛好足夠點亮一盞小電燈.進一步的改進可能會使其每平方米至少產生500毫瓦."可推斷,這個被測試的設備產生的電量是有限的.故選D. 3.推理判斷題.原文"It's a very clever idea.這種設備是一個非常聰明的想法以及 It might also provide a bit of energy to people living in areas that lack electricity也可能為生活在缺少電的地方的人們提供一點能源."材料科學家袁洋在這一段稱讚了這種設備,還説雖然這種新設備需要改進,但它可能對備用電源有用,由此可推斷,袁洋主要從正面評價了該設備.故選A. 4.標題判斷題.通讀全文、尤其是文章第一段"Instead, it uses energy from the cold night sky.相反,它使用的是來自寒冷夜空的能量."可知,本文主要是在介紹一種從寒冷的夜空中獲取能量來發電的新設備.故選D.

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