“Whoquestionsmuch,shalllearnmuch,andremembermuch．”--...

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“Who questions much, shall learn much, and remember much．”---- Francis Bacon （1561-1626）

It seems obvious now how we acquire knowledge and understanding．To start with, you need questions．Then, to find answers, you observe the world around you and study the facts．After that you consider possible answers and test each to find the right ones．Although today we are more accustomed to typing a few key words into a search engine and waiting for the Internet to spit the answer out for us, modern scientists and thinkers are still solving the world’s problems with this type of analysis---- luckily for us．

However, in the 17th century when Francis Bacon suggested that this type of thinking was the way to gain knowledge, he was going against the views of the day．At that time, people believed more in religion than in facts, and people like Galileo Galilei, who proved scientific ideas such as “ the Earth is not the centre of the universe”, were often punished by the church with no one coming to their defence．The church and many people tended to ignore the facts and were unwilling to challenge that they had always comfortably believed．They preferred to make assumptions about the world based on the experience of others．In fact, when Galilei proved that the Earth was not the centre of the universe, instead of believing him, people chose to believe ancient views put forward by the great philosopher Aristotle （384-322BC）．

This also shows how people didn’t want to search for their own understanding or educate themselves．And this is still often true today．People feel that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so．But even though Aristotle was a great man who inspired many great scientists and philosophers after him, he was wrong at times．And Galilei too made mistakes．He is now known as the father of astronomy but he believed that the earth moved round the sun in a perfect circle．He was wrong．Therefore our understanding of the world around us is constantly growing and changing．In other words, we learn more every day and none of us can ever sit back and say “We know it all．”

We need to thank the great men of the past for the wisdom to know that we don’t know it all and probably never will, for that would mean a world without questions．So much of our knowledge and understanding of the world today is due to people like Bacon and Galilei, who were brave enough to step out from the shadows of old thoughts in order to find the kingdom of knowledge that today’s civilization is built upon．These men knew that knowledge and understanding are things to fight for; more vital to a man, and more beneficial to mankind, some might say, than all the money in the world．

“All truths are easy to understand once they are discovered; the point is to discover them．”----Galileo Galilei （1564-1642）

8．In Bacon and Galileo’s times, people would prefer to ________．

A．learn new things by observing the world around themselves

B．acquire knowledge from church or experience of great ancestors

C．seek answers to their puzzles from contemporary scientists

D．explore knowledge out of facts they saw with their own eyes

9．In this passage Bacon and Galileo are mentioned as examples for ________．

A．their great achievements in science

B．their ambition to doubt great ancestors

C．their revolutionary way of acquiring knowledge

D．their preference to believe in themselves rather than others

10．What is the main purpose of the passage?